November 28, 2018

Soil Analytical Tests

A brief description of Soil Analytics Tests.
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112
Soil Analytical Test

Al(KCl).

This is a soil fertility test. This method involves the extraction of exchangeable aluminum from soils using 2.0 N KCl. Aluminum is determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method doesn't quantitatively extract aluminum from mineral structures or bound to organic compounds. Soil aluminum concentrations are generally low in mineral soils. The method detection limit is approximately 0.5 mg/kg and is generally reproducible ± 10%.

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113
Soil Analytical Test

NH4-N.

This is a soil fertility test. This method involves the extraction of ammonium (NH4 -N) from soils using 2.0 N KCl. Ammonium is determined by spectrophotometric, diffusion-conductivity instruments or distillation techniques. The method doesn't quantitatively extract ammonium from mineral structures (i.e. nonexchangeable NH4 -N) or bound to organic compounds. Soil ammonium concentrations are generally low in mineral soils (< 10 mg kg-1). The method detection limit is approximately 0.2 mg/kg and is generally reproducible ± 7%.

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149
Soil Analytical Test

As.

This is soil composition test by acid digest. The arsenic method is quantitative using acid digestion and determined by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES). The method has a detection limit of approximately 0.10 ppm.

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128
Soil Analytical Test

HCO3.

This is a soil salinity test. This procedure quantifies bicarbonate (HCO3 1-) concentration in mmolc L-1 in a soil saturation paste. The concentration of bicarbonate affects the solubility of calcium, the ionic strength of the extract solution and is used to calculate the adjusted sodiuim adsorption ratio. The method detection limit is approximately 0.05 mmolc/L and is generally reproducible within ± 10%.

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129
Soil Analytical Test

B.

This procedure determines the boron concentration in a soil saturation paste. It is determined by Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) using one of three wavelengths. The method quantifies soil boron concentrations which can limit crop yield or be toxic to plant growth. The method detection limit is approximately 0.10 mg L-1 and is generally reproducible to within ± 8%.

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142
Soil Analytical Test

BD.

Bulk density is the relationship of mass and volume of the soil. It is determined by drying the soil and determining the dried mass. The mass is then divided by soil volume.

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130
Soil Analytical Test

Ca.

This is a soil salinity test. This method quantifies the amount of calcium in a saturated soil. By extracting the liquid phase of the saturation paste under partial vacuum, it estimates Calcium (Ca 2+). The method is generally reproducible within ± 12%, dependent on the soil textural class.

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143
Soil Analytical Test

CaCO3.

This method is determined by the loss of carbonates, in the form of carbon dioxide, in excess hydrochloric acid. Calcium carbonate (lime) is measured to determine soil buffering capacity. This procedure estimates the free calcium carbonate in a sample. The method detection limit is approximately 0.2% CaCO3 equivalent.

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131
Soil Analytical Test

CO3.

This is a a soil salinity test. This procedure quantifies carbonate (CO3 2-) concentration in mmolc/L in a soil saturation paste. The concentration of bicarbonate affects the solubility of calcium, the ionic strength of the extract solution and is used to calculate the adjusted sodiuim adsorption ratio. The method detection limit is approximately 0.05 mmolc/L and is generally reproducible within ± 10%.

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144
Soil Analytical Test

This is a soil salinity test. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is the measure of a soil to retain readily exchangeable cations which neutralize the negative charge of soils. This method involves saturation of the cation exchange sites with ammonium. This method maybe poorly suited to soils containing carbonates, vermiculite, gypsum and zeolite minerals. The method detection limit is approximately 1.0 cmol/kg and is generally reproducible within ± 10%.

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132
Soil Analytical Test

Cl.

This is a soil salinity test. This method quantifies the concentration of chloride in a saturation paste extract. Chloride may be determined using an ion selective electrode (potentiometric), chloridometer or ion chromatography instrument methods. Plant tolerance to chloride can be related to its concentration in the soil saturation paste extract. The method detection limit is approximately 0.1 mmolc/L dependent on the method of analysis and is generally reproducible within ± 10%.

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150
Soil Analytical Test

Cu. This is soil composition test by acid digest. This procedure analyzes the concentration of copper by utilizing a nitric acid/hydrogen peroxide closed vessel microwave digestion. Determination is by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The approximate method detection limit is 1 mg/kg.

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116
Soil Analytical Test

Cu.

This is a soil fertility test. The DTPA micronutrient extraction method is a nonequilibrium extraction for estimating the potential soil bioavailability of copper for neutral and calcareous soils. Analyte concentrations are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.1 mg/kg and is generally reproducible ± 10%.

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133
Soil Analytical Test

EC (in 1:2 soil:water).

This is a soil salinity test. This method quantifies the amount of dissolved salts by measurement of the electrical conductivity of a soil saturated paste extract. The relationship between electrical conductivity and soluble salts is approximate due to differences in equivalent weights, ion equivalent conductivities, and relative proportions of major solutes in the paste extracts. Salt tolerance crop data is generally expressed in terms of the electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract and used to assess the potential of soluble soil salts which may limit crop productivity. The method detection limit is approximately 0.01 dS/m (mmhos/cm) and is generally reproducible within ± 7%.

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108
Soil Analytical Test

Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu.

This is a soil fertility test. The DTPA micronutrient extraction method is a non-equilibrium extraction for estimating the potential soil availability of zinc, copper, manganese, and iron. The extracts are analyzed by ICP-AES. The method has a detection limit of approximately 0.1 mg/kg for zinc, copper, manganese, and iron and is generally reproducible within 10% for copper and zinc and 15% for iron and manganese.

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118
Soil Analytical Test

x-Ca.

This is a soil fertility test. This method determines the concentration of exchangeable calcium in the soil saturation paste extract using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.02 mmolc/L on a solution basis and it is generally reproducible within ± 7%.

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109
Soil Analytical Test

x-K, x-Na, x-Ca, x-Mg.

This is a soil fertility test. This method quantitatively determines the concentration of dissolved Cations in the soil saturation paste extract using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The relationship between cation solution concentrations and exchangeable cations in the soil, is used to estimate exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) from the SAR. The method detection limit for these cations is approximately 0.02 mmolc/L on a solution basis and it is generally reproducible within ± 7%.

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117
Soil Analytical Test

x-Mg.

This is a soil fertility test. This method quantitatively determines the concentration of exchangeable Magnesium in the soil saturation paste extract using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.02 mmolc/L on a solution basis and it is generally reproducible within ± 7%.

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119
Soil Analytical Test

x-K.

This is a soil fertlity test. This method determines the amount of exchangeable Potassium in the soil. Cations are quantitated by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). This method has detection limits of approximately of 1 ppm or 0.01 meq/100g.

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120
Soil Analytical Test

x-Na.

This is a soil fertility test. This method quantitatively determines the concentration of exchangeable Sodium in the soil saturation paste extract using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.02 mmolc/L on a solution basis and it is generally reproducible within ± 7%.

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151
Soil Analytical Test

Fe.

This is a soil composition test. This method determines the amount of iron by acid digestion. Quantification made is by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The approximate method detection limit is 1 mg/kg.

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121
Soil Analytical Test

Fe.

This is a soil fertility test. The DTPA micronutrient extraction method is an extraction for estimating the potential soil bioavailability Fe. Analyte concentrations are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.1 mg kg-1 and is generally reproducible ± 15%.

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156
Soil Analytical Test

K fixation test by soil.

This method determines the amount of soil K fixation potential associated with illitic clay soils. Potassium is added to soil, then dried and incubated for seven days. Potassium concentration is determined using atomic emission (AES), absorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) instrumentation and fixation capacity calculated based on the amount of K recovered. Generally, the method is reproducible within ± 7% K on a given soil, or 3 - 5% on a soil K fixation basis.

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102
Soil Analytical Test

NO3-N, Olsen-P (Bray-P for pH<6), x-K.

This is a combined soil fertility test. It test the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

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103
Soil Analytical Test

NO3-N, Olsen-P (Bray-P for pH<6), x-K, NH4-N.

This is a soil fertility test. It test the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and includes ammonium.

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134
Soil Analytical Test

Mg.

This is a soil salinity test. This method determines the amount of soil plant available magnesium on the soil colloid exchange sites by displacement with ammonium acetate solution buffered to pH 7.0. Cation concentrations are determined using atomic emission (AES), absorption spectrometry (AAS) or ICP-AES instrumentation. The method detection limit is approximately of 25 mg/kg and is generally reproducible ± 7%.

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152
Soil Analytical Test

Mn.

This is soil composition test by acid digest. This procedure analyzes the concentration of manganese by utilizing a nitric acid/hydrogen peroxide closed vessel microwave digestion. Determination is by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The approximate method detection limit is 1 mg/kg.

 

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122
Soil Analytical Test

Mn.

This is a soil fertility test. The DTPA manganese extraction method is for estimating the potential soil. Analyte concentrations are determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The method detection limit is approximately 0.1 mg/kg.

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145
Soil Analytical Test

The method determines the soil moisture retention capabilities under constant pressure. This helps to determine the available water holding capacity of soils and moisture release curve. The method detection limit is 0.5%. (0.33, 1, 5, 10, 15, or other atm). Price per each pressure measurement.

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101
Soil Analytical Test

NO3-N. This is a soil fertility test. This method involves the extraction of nitrate from soils using 40 g (0.02 N) CaSO4 solution. Nitrate is determined by reaction with chromotropic acid to form an azochromophore (yellow dye) which is measured spectrophotometrically at 420 nm. Soil nitrate-nitrogen can be used to predict plant response to nitrogen fertilizers. The method detection limit is approximately 1.0 mg/kg and is generally reproducible ± 6%.

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